Churn



Patented Mar. 16, 1886.

G. BRUSH.

OHURN.

N0 Model.)

Mhzasses.

Unirno STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE BRUSH, OF WAKEFIELD, ASSIGNOB, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, OF ONE-HALF TO GEORGE E. SCHERER, OF CHAPMAN, KANSAS.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 338,136, dated March 16, 1886.

Application filed June 29, 1885.

To an whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, GEORGE BRUSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at ake field, in the county of Clay and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohurns; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in churns, and it consists in the details of con-' struction and combinations of parts as more fully hereinafter set forth, and specifically claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical central section of a vessel provided with my improvements, which are shown in side elevation. Fig. 2 represents aview looking down upon the same, also indicating in dotted lines a modified form of vessel. Fig. 3 is a section on the line :0 ac, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail perspectii e view of the beater and dasher-supporting frame,showing the dasherdriving mechanism. Fig. 5 is a sectional View ofthe1id,taken on the line 00 a: of'Fig. 2.

Arepresents avessel, which may be of any desired shape in crosssect-ion, either rectangular,as shown in dotted lines,Fig. 2,01" cylindrical, as shown in full lines. The latter form is preferable, as there is less room for eddying of the agitated fiuids,thereby producing butter in a shorter space of time. This vesselisprovided with a two-part cover,B B, having a depending flange to fit the walls of the vessel and prevent any lateral displacement of the same when in position. Arms 1), depending from diametric opposite sides of the cover B, are joined at their free ends bya cross-bar, c,forming what may be termed the beater frame. Midway the cross-bar C is stepped the dashershaft D, its upper end passing through an opening formed on the edge of the part B of the cover, and provided with a pinion meshing with a master-wheel, f, journaled in a bracket, 9, mounted upon the portion 1) of the cover. This dasher-shaft is provided with arms d, branching at a right angle therefrom,

Serial No. 170,139. (No model.)

each alternate set of arms being in the same plane, while the intermediate ones are in a plane at right angles to the former, thus giving a cruciform appearance in secti on,as shown in Fig. 3. These arms are beveled or cham fered in an upward direction, to pro iuce a feathering action and downward current of the fluid, which current will be broken by heaters It, extending inward toward each other from opposite sides of the frame I). These heaters, it will be noticed, are set with their upper edge approaching close to the lower edge of the dasher-arms, thus having a space between the lower edge of the heaters 6 and the upper edge of the dasher-arms when both coincide or are in line, for the purpose presently referred to.

By having the beater-arms set on opposite sides and projecting from opposite faces of the frame their adjacent edges, which approach close to the daslier-shaft,are adapted to terminate 0n diametric opposite sides of the shaft, which would not he the case if they were secured to the same side and face of the frame. The inner edges of the heaters are chiselshaped, to better remove the clots ofbutter from the dashershaft.

It will be seen that the beater, dasher-supporting frame, and dasher-drivdug mechanism are supported by a portion of the cover, and that its meeting edge has an opening for the passage of the dasher-shaft. By this arrangement the wheel performs the function of a keeper and prevents the dasher from being 8 accidentally displaced, as will be readily understood by reference to Figs. 1 and at. Where the dasher-shaft is of larger dimensions be low the openingin the edge of the cover B than that portion passing therethrough, the under side of the cover around said opening is en larged ati to correspond with said enlargement,to permit the easy removal of the dashershaft, which is done in the following manner: Owing to the previously-described arrange- 9 5 ment of parts, an upward pressure on the dasher-shaft will withdraw its lower end from its bearing in the cross-bar of the beater-frame, when it may be easily removed by tilting the shaft,when its pinion will become disengaged 10 from the wheel f and the whole withdrawn, 7 as there is ample space between the upper side of the cover and the lower edge of the wheelf to permit the passage of the pinion. The dasher is readily replaced by a reverse movement, as is evident.

\Vhile I have described my improvement as particularly adaptedto churning purposes, it is evident that by varying its dimensions the same may be used for various mixing purposes. 7 V

in practice the beater-frame is designed to fit close to the sides of the vessel, in order that there may be no current between it and the vessel, and owing to the arrangement of the heaters and dasher-arms the cream is thoroughly agitated, no current possible, and butter produced in a minimum amount of time with the least expenditure of power, besides the parts are readily and quickly taken apart for cleansing purposes and as speedily replaced, thus economizing time.

It will be further understood that the agitator is adapted to be worked in any-sized jar or vessel. I also make it of white ash, rendering it more desirable for churning, having no iron in the cream whatever, and the downward current keeps the cream from splashing.

Prior to my invention it was common to provide a partial cover with a two'armed bracket, the upper arm of which supports a gear-wheel and the lower arm a short shaft having a pinion meshing with the gear-wheel. A vessel supported within an outer vessel has the lower end or" a dasher stepped in its bottom, the upper end of the dasher interlocking with the lowerend of the short shaft carrying the pinion. This vessel is prevented from rotating by interlocking pins depending from the cover, the dasher being held in place by a pawl or locking-catch pivoted to one side of the cover. Posts held to the sides of the vessel by rings are provided with beatenarms. This device must be used as an entirety, the dasher, beaters,.and driving mechanism not being connected and removable as a single operative combination, and adapted for use in any suitable-sized vessel. It has also been common to provide a frame with beaters integral with the side bars and tojournal a dasher in the end bars thereof in such way that it cannot be removed without unjoining the frame. This frame with the dasher in place is set diagonally in a rectangular vessel, the cover of which is apertu red to permit the projection of the end of the dasher-shaft. A frame-work carrying the driving mechanism is secured to the vessel or body of the churn by keepers, and it is provided with a vertical shaft to interlock with the end of the dasher. This device likewise differs essentially from mine, which consists of a partial cover having a frame rigidly or fixedly'secured to its meeting edge and depending therefrom, a dashershaft removably stepped in the lower cross bar of the frame, its upper portion being seated in a notch in the meeting edge of the partial cover and held in place bya pinion on its upper end, meshing with a gear-wheel supported on the partial cover, said gear-wheel being in a plane beyond the meeting edge of the cover.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. The combination, in a churn, of the partial cover notched in its meeting edge, a frame provided with beaters fixedly secured to and depending from the meeting edge oft-he cover, a dashershaft removablystepped in the lower crossbar of the frame, its upper portion being seated in and having a bearing in the notch in the edge of the cover, a pinion secured to the end of the shaft, and a gearwheel journaled on the cover in a plane beyond the meeting edge and meshing with the pinion, whereby the dasheris held in place and motion imparted thereto, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a churn, the combination of a cover, a frame depending therefrom and rigidly secured thereto, heaters secured to opposite faces of the frame and having beveled ends, a dasher-shaft removablyjournaledin the frame, dasher-arms projected at right angles from the .shaft alternately in opposite directions and having a straight upper side, the under side being beveled from its point to its rear edge, as shown, and gearing supported by the cover and connected with the shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE BRUSH.

lVitnesses:

A. W. THOMAS, MARK M. DoDsoN'. 

